Clinical Biochemistry

COURSE CURRICULUM

1.

Course title

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

2.

Code

HМ-70M

3.

Study curriculum

Applied chemistry – analytical biochemistry

4.

Organizer of the curriculum (institute, department)

Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Skopje

5.

Degree (BSc, MSc, PhD)

BSc

6.

Academic year/semester

IV/VII

7.

ECTS points

8

8.

Lecturer

Prof. Dr. Danica Labudovikj

9.

Prerequisites

Biochemistry I

10.

Course objectives (competences):
Through lectures and exercises, the student should become familiar with the biochemistry and pathobiochemistry of individual tissues and organs, the proper functioning of the human organism and all its components. The student will get to know the laboratory analyzes that are performed in the clinical laboratories when examining different clinical conditions in the body.

11.

Course content:
Lectures:
Working and organization of a clinical laboratory. Preanalytical phase in laboratory medicine. Influence of drugs on biochemical parameters. Dry chemistry. Clinical significance of vitamins and their determination. Biochemistry and Pathobiology of Water and Electrolytes. Hydrogen hemostasis and acid-base balance. Physiological and pathological biochemistry of carbohydrates and methods for diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. Physiological and pathological biochemistry of lipids and lipoproteins, and methods for examining lipid status. Physiological and pathological biochemistry of proteins, plasma proteins, methods for determining protein concentration. NPN and laboratory analysis of non-protein compounds. Metabolism of purines and pyrimidines. Iron and hemoglobin metabolism. Blood count and laboratory analyzes for examination of anemias, leukemias, hemostasis. Physiological and pathological biochemistry of hormones and methods for their determination. Biochemistry of inflammation. Metabolism of macro elements and their clinical significance and determination. Biochemistry of muscles and heart muscle and methods for the diagnosis of pathological changes in muscles/heart muscle. Laboratory examination of liver function. Laboratory analyzes for examination of renal function. Biochemistry and diagnosis of malignant tumors. Cerebrospinal fluid and laboratory analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.

Experimental work:
Types of biochemical tests. Laboratory tests: from sample to results.
Determination of reference values. Laboratory analyzes based on dry chemistry. Determination of total protein concentration in serum. Laboratory analyzes for the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. Laboratory analyzes for determination of lipid status. Lipoproteins, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol determination and lipoprotein electrophoresis. Laboratory analyzes for the determination of non-protein nitrogenous compounds. Laboratory tests to monitor blood plasma electrolytes. Laboratory analyzes to monitor hydrogen homeostasis and acid-base balance. Laboratory analyzes to monitor muscle and cardiovascular system function, liver function. Laboratory analyzes to monitor bone tissue function. Laboratory tests to assess renal function. Urinary protein electrophoresis. Hematological analyzes and determination of iron concentration. Laboratory analyzes for the determination of antioxidants. Determination of tumor markers.

12.

Teaching methods: lectures and experimental work

13.

Total available time

240

14.

Time distribution

4+0+5 hours per week

15.

Teaching methods distribution

15.1.

Teaching – lectures

60

15.2.

Practicals (laboratory, problem solving), seminars, team work

75

16.

Other activities

16.1.

Projects

16.2.

Independent work

16.3.

Homework

105

17.

Grading methods

17.1.

Tests

12-20 points (4 tests)

17.2.

Seminars/projects (written/oral presentation)

1-5 points

17.3.

Activity

10 points

Lectures (attendance)

1-3 points

Experimental work (attendance and participation)

10-12 points

18.

Grading scale (points/mark)

< 50 points

5 (five) (F)

51 to 60 points

6 (six) (E)

61 to 70 points

7 (seven) (D)

71 to 80 points

8 (eight) (C)

81 to 90 points

9 (nine) (B)

91 to 100 points

10 (ten) (A)

19.

Criteria for taking the final exam

Finished experimental work (absences of a maximum of 2 exercises)

20.

Course language

Macedonian

21.

Teaching quality control

Surveys

22.

Literature

22.1.

Compulsory

No.

Author

Title

Publisher

Year

1.

Група автори, Медицински факултет

Клиничка биохемија за студентите по аналитичка биохемија

Медицински факултет, Скопје

2016

2.

Група автори, Медицински факултет,

Практикум по биохемија за студентите по биоаналитичка хемија

Медицински факултет, Скопје

2016

3.

Џекова, С. и соработници

Биохемија

Медицински факултет, Скопје

2006

22.2.

Additional

No.

Author

Title

Publisher

Year

1.

Čvorišćec D, Čepelak I.

Štrausova мedicinska biokemija

Medicinska naklada, Zagreb

2009

2.

Marshall WJ, Bangert SK

Clinical Biochemistry, Metabolic and clinical aspects

Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier

2008  

3.

Majkić-Singh N.

Medicinska biohemija

DMBS, Beograd

2006

4.

Švagera Z, Šigutová R

Clinical biochemistry

Charles University Karolinum Press Prague

2016.